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Storm de Hirsch
Storm de Hirsch (1912–2000) was an American poet and filmmaker. She was a key figure in the New York avant-garde film scene of the 1960s, and one of the founding members of the Film-Makers' Cooperative. Although often overlooked by historians, in recent years she has been recognized as a pioneer of underground cinema.
== Biography ==
Born Lillian Malkin in New Jersey in 1912,〔Different sources list different birth years for de Hirsch. The Foster book lists it as 1931. The biography by Cecile Starr in the ''St. James Women Filmmakers Encyclopedia'' (reprinted on FilmDirectorsSite.com) lists it as December 9, 1912.〕 Storm de Hirsch left home at an early age to pursue a career in the arts in New York City. There she married her first husband, an artist named de Hirsch. She later married Louis Brigante, a filmmaker and one of the early editors of ''Film Culture'' magazine; the marriage lasted until Brigante's death in 1975.〔
Like many experimental filmmakers at the time, de Hirsch did not begin her artistic career as a filmmaker; she was a poet who had published at least two collections by 1965.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ufilmguide.com/834/storm-de-hirsch/ )〕 She turned to filmmaking because she wanted to find a new mode of expression for her thoughts that went beyond words on the page. In 1962 she made her first film and soon became active in the New York underground film movement, associating with filmmakers such as Stan Brakhage, Jonas Mekas, Shirley Clarke and others. In an interview with Jonas Mekas she mentioned Jack Smith, Ingmar Bergman, Gregory Markopoulos, Michelangelo Antonioni, Vittorio De Seta, Ken Jacobs, Federico Fellini and Jonas and Adolphus Mekas as her favorite filmmakers.〔Mekas, Jonas. "Interview With Storm De Hirsch." ''Movie Journal''. (July 19, 1964): 148-150.〕
In addition to making films, de Hirsch taught at various institutions, including Bard College and New York's School of Visual Arts. After her husband's death she was forced to give up her studio, and stopped making films. She died in a Manhattan nursing home in 2000, following a long battle with Alzheimer's disease.〔〔
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